---

title: "Setup bluefeds (Fedora Server arm64)"
date: 2022-07-23T08:00:30+05:30
draft: false
toc: true

---

## Stage 0000: Flash SD Card

Verify the checksum first

```bash
echo "<CHECKSUM> *Fedora-Server-VERSION.aarch64.raw.xz" | shasum --check
```

Flash the SD Card

```bash
xzcat Fedora-Server-VERSION.aarch64.raw.xz | sudo dd status=progress bs=4M of=/dev/XXX
sync && sync && sync
sudo lvchange -an /dev/fedora_fedora/root
sudo eject /dev/XXX
```

---


## Stage 0001: Immediate initial setup


### Set hostname

```bash
sudo hostnamectl set-hostname bluefeds
```


### Set timezone

```bash
sudo timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Kolkata
```


### Set DNS Servers

```bash
nmcli connection modify "$(nmcli -g name,device connection show | grep "eth0" | cut -f1 -d":")" ipv4.dns "1.1.1.2,1.0.0.2"
nmcli connection modify "$(nmcli -g name,device connection show | grep "eth0" | cut -f1 -d":")" ipv4.ignore-auto-dns yes
```


### Enable loading the Wireguard kernel module at boot.

```bash
echo "wireguard" | sudo tee /etc/modules-load.d/wireguard.conf
```


### Modify motd

```bash
echo "\n# added by PRATHAM\n/home/pratham/.scripts/_bluefeds/motd/show_logs.sh" | sudo tee -a /etc/profile
```


### REBOOT! (hostname needs to come in effect)

```bash
sudo reboot +0
```


### Expand the rootfs

```bash
# Fedora Server (LVM + XFS)
sudo growpart /dev/mmcblk0 3
sudo pvresize /dev/mmcblk0p3
sudo lvextend /dev/fedora_fedora/root -l+100%FREE
sudo xfs_growfs -d /

# RHEL clone (Rocky Linux)
sudo rootfs-expand
```


### DNF

Parallel downloads: 20 (lol)

Exclude package `shim-aa64` (causes uboot to panic)

```bash
echo -ne "\nmax_parallel_downloads=20\nlog_compress=True\nfastestmirror=False" | sudo tee -a /etc/dnf/dnf.conf

# RPM Fusion is not necessary for a server but handy if I switch to Fedora on Desktop (*laughs in Arch*)
#sudo dnf install https://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/fedora/rpmfusion-free-release-$(rpm -E %fedora).noarch.rpm
#sudo dnf install https://download1.rpmfusion.org/nonfree/fedora/rpmfusion-nonfree-release-$(rpm -E %fedora).noarch.rpm
# If GNOME is being used, update `core` too
#sudo dnf group update core

# epel for CentOS
sudo dnf config-manager --set-enabled crb
sudo dnf install epel-release epel-next-release -y

sudo dnf clean all
```


### Remove Kernel cmdline args

```bash
sudo grubby --update-kernel=ALL --remove-args=quiet
sudo grubby --update-kernel=ALL --remove-args=rhgb
```


### Generate SSH keys

```bash
cd $HOME/.ssh
ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -f flameboi
ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -f gitea
ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -f github
ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -f gitlab
ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -f sentinel
ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -f zfs
```


### Reboot

```bash
sudo reboot +0
```

---


## Stage 0010

### Upgrade packages

```bash
sudo dnf --refresh update
```


### Reboot

```bash
sudo reboot +0
```

---


## Stage 0011: Install stuff

### Install packages

```bash
# Fedora
sudo dnf install aardvark-dns aria2 bat btop bind-utils buildah cockpit cockpit-file-sharing cockpit-machines cockpit-packagekit cockpit-pcp cockpit-podman cockpit-session-recording console-setup cronie cronie-anacron curl fd-find git git-delta hd-idle hdparm htop iotop libvirt-daemon-kvm libwebp-tools mediainfo neovim nfs-utils nload openssh-server overpass-mono-fonts perl-Digest-SHA plocate podman podman-compose qemu qemu-device-display-virtio-gpu qemu-kvm qemu-kvm-core qrencode-libs ripgrep rsync samba-common skim slirp4netns smartmontools ssmtp tmux tree unrar unzip util-linux-user vim-enhanced wget wget2 yt-dlp yt-dlp-zsh-completion zsh zsh-syntax-highlighting

# RHEL
# aria2 bat buildah fd-find git-delta libvirt-daemon-kvm libwebp-tools overpass-mono-fonts qemu qemu-kvm qemu-kvm-core ripgrep skim ssmtp wget2 zsh-syntax-highlighting
# nfs-utils qrencode-libs samba-common
sudo dnf install aardvark-dns btop bind-utils cockpit cockpit-file-sharing cockpit-machines cockpit-packagekit cockpit-pcp cockpit-podman cockpit-session-recording console-setup cronie cronie-anacron curl git hd-idle hdparm htop iotop mediainfo neovim nload openssh-server perl-Digest-SHA podman podman-compose rsync slirp4netns smartmontools tmux tree unrar unzip util-linux-user vim-enhanced wget yt-dlp yt-dlp-zsh-completion zsh

chsh -s $(which zsh) $(whoami)
```


### vim-plug (Neovim)

```bash
sh -c 'curl -fLo "${XDG_DATA_HOME:-$HOME/.local/share}"/nvim/site/autoload/plug.vim --create-dirs https://raw.githubusercontent.com/junegunn/vim-plug/master/plug.vim'
```

**Open `nvim` and type `:PlugInstall`**


### Enable systemd services

```bash
sudo systemctl enable cockpit.socket cockpit.service 
sudo systemctl enable crond.service
sudo systemctl enable podman.socket
```


### Add ports (for services)

```bash
sudo firewall-cmd --add-service=cockpit --permanent
sudo firewall-cmd --reload
```

---


## Stage 0100: ZFS

### Compile the latest version of ZFS

Get the latest GA release tag [from here](https://github.com/openzfs/zfs/tags).

```bash
git clone --depth 1 --branch <latest_tag_name> https://github.com/openzfs/zfs

# Fedora Server
sudo dnf install autoconf automake dkms elfutils-libelf-devel gcc git kernel-doc kernel-devel-$(uname -r) kernel-rpm-macros libaio-devel libattr-devel libblkid-devel libcurl-devel libffi-devel libtirpc-devel libtool libudev-devel libuuid-devel make ncompress openssl-devel python3 python3-cffi python3-devel python3-packaging python3-setuptools rpm-build zlib-devel

# RHEL-mainline-kernel
sudo dnf install gcc make autoconf automake libtool rpm-build libtirpc-devel libblkid-devel libuuid-devel libudev-devel openssl-devel zlib-devel libaio-devel libattr-devel elfutils-libelf-devel kernel-devel-matched python3 python3-devel python3-setuptools python3-cffi libffi-devel git libcurl-devel python3-packaging dkms bind-utils

# RHEL-raspi-kernel
sudo dnf install gcc make autoconf automake libtool rpm-build libtirpc-devel libblkid-devel libuuid-devel libudev-devel openssl-devel zlib-devel libaio-devel libattr-devel elfutils-libelf-devel python3 python3-devel python3-setuptools python3-cffi raspberrypi2-kernel4-devel libffi-devel ncompress libcurl-devel python3-packaging dkms bind-utils

cd zfs
sh autogen.sh
./configure
make -j1 rpm-utils rpm-dkms

sudo yum localinstall *.$(uname -p).rpm *.noarch.rpm

echo "zfs" | sudo tee /etc/modules-load.d/zfs.conf
```


### Enable necessary services

```bash
sudo systemctl enable zfs-import-cache.service
sudo systemctl enable zfs-import-scan.service
sudo systemctl enable zfs-mount.service
sudo systemctl enable zfs-share.service
sudo systemctl enable zfs.target
sudo systemctl enable zfs-zed.service
```


### Make sure an import cache file exists

```bash
sudo zpool set cachefile=/etc/zfs/zpool.cache trayimurti
```


### Creating a new zpool?

```bash
sudo zpool create -o ashift=12 -o autotrim=on trayimurti /dev/sda

sudo zfs set atime=off trayimurti
sudo zfs set primarycache=all trayimurti
sudo zfs set recordsize=1M trayimurti
sudo zfs set xattr=sa trayimurti

sudo zfs create trayimurti/containers
sudo zfs create trayimurti/containers/volumes
sudo zfs create trayimurti/containers/volumes/blog
sudo zfs create trayimurti/containers/volumes/caddy
sudo zfs create trayimurti/containers/volumes/mach

sudo zfs create trayimurti/containers/volumes/gitea
sudo zfs create trayimurti/containers/volumes/gitea/database
sudo zfs set recordsize=8K trayimurti/containers/volumes/gitea/database

sudo zfs create trayimurti/containers/volumes/nextcloud
sudo zfs create trayimurti/containers/volumes/nextcloud/database
sudo zfs set recordsize=8K trayimurti/containers/volumes/nextcloud/database

sudo zfs create trayimurti/torrents
sudo zfs set recordsize=16K trayimurti/torrents
sudo zfs create trayimurti/torrents/downloads
sudo zfs create trayimurti/torrents/downloads/.incomplete
sudo zfs create trayimurti/torrents/config

sudo chown pratham:pratham -vR /trayimurti
sudo chown pratham:pratham -vR /trayimurti/torrents

sudo zfs allow -u pratham create,destroy,mount,snapshot,send,hold trayimurti

sudo zpool export trayimurti

sudo zpool import
sudo zpool import -d /dev/disk/by-id <pool-id>

sudo zpool set cachefile=/etc/zfs/zpool.cache trayimurti

zpool status -v
zfs list

sudo zpool scrub trayimurti
```


### Reboot

```bash
sudo reboot +0
```

---


## Stage 0101: Containers

### Open ports

```bash
sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=8080/tcp --add-port=8443/tcp --add-port=8010/tcp --add-port=8011/tcp --add-port=8020/tcp --add-port=8030/tcp --add-port=8040/tcp --add-port=8050/tcp --add-port=8051/tcp --add-port=8052/udp
sudo firewall-cmd --reload
sudo firewall-cmd --list-ports
```


### Pull images

```bash
sleep 60 && podman pull docker.io/library/postgres:14-alpine
sleep 60 && podman pull docker.io/library/caddy:alpine
sleep 60 && podman pull docker.io/klakegg/hugo:ext-debian
sleep 60 && podman pull docker.io/library/nextcloud:production
sleep 60 && podman pull docker.io/klakegg/hugo:alpine
sleep 60 && podman pull docker.io/gitea/gitea:latest
```


### Get fs ready

```bash
sudo zfs set atime=off trayimurti
sudo zfs set primarycache=all trayimurti
sudo zfs set recordsize=1M trayimurti
sudo zfs set xattr=sa trayimurti

sudo zfs create trayimurti/containers
sudo zfs create trayimurti/containers/volumes
sudo zfs create trayimurti/containers/volumes/blog
sudo zfs create trayimurti/containers/volumes/caddy
sudo zfs create trayimurti/containers/volumes/gitea
sudo zfs create trayimurti/containers/volumes/mach
sudo zfs create trayimurti/containers/volumes/nextcloud

sudo zfs create trayimurti/torrents
sudo zfs set recordsize=16K trayimurti/torrents
sudo zfs create trayimurti/torrents/downloads
sudo zfs create trayimurti/torrents/downloads/.incomplete
sudo zfs create trayimurti/torrents/config

sudo chown pratham:pratham -vR /trayimurti/containers/volumes
sudo chown pratham:pratham -vR /trayimurti/torrents

sudo zfs allow -u pratham send,snapshot,hold trayimurti
```


### Create directories for mounting container volumes

```bash
mkdir -vp /trayimurti/containers/volumes/caddy/{site,ssl/{private,certs},caddy_{data,config}}
mkdir -vp /trayimurti/containers/volumes/gitea/{database,web}
mkdir -vp /trayimurti/containers/volumes/nextcloud/{database,web}
```


### Enable workaround for "root-less containers can't ping hosts"

```bash
grep net.ipv4.ping_group_range /etc/sysctl.conf || echo "net.ipv4.ping_group_range=0 $(grep pratham /etc/subuid | awk -F ":" '{print $2 + $3}')" | sudo tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf
```


### Hugo

```bash
git clone --recursive git@gitlab.com:thefossguy/blog.git /trayimurti/containers/volumes/blog
cd /trayimurti/containers/volumes/blog
git remote rm origin
git remote add origin git@git.thefossguy.com:thefossguy/blog.git

git clone --recursive git@gitlab.com:thefossguy/machines.git /trayimurti/containers/volumes/mach
cd /trayimurti/containers/volumes/mach
git remote rm origin
git remote add origin git@git.thefossguy.com:thefossguy/machines.git
```


### Caddy

1. Visit the [Cloudflare dashboard](https://dash.cloudflare.com/)
2. Select domain
3. On the left sidebar, select 'SSL/TLS'. Make sure _Encryption Mode_ is **Full (strict)**.
4. Under 'SSL/TLS', goto '**Origin Server**'.
5. Create a new Certificate **with default values**.
6. Populate `/trayimurti/containers/volumes/caddy/ssl/{certs/certificate.pem,private/key.pem}`.
7. Change permissions for `/trayimurti/containers/volumes/caddy/ssl/private`.

```bash
chmod 700 -v /trayimurti/containers/volumes/caddy/ssl/private
chmod 600 -v /trayimurti/containers/volumes/caddy/ssl/private/key.pem
```

Copy `Caddyfile` to the appropriate directory.

```bash
cp -v Caddyfile /trayimurti/containers/volumes/caddy/
```


### Cockpit

something-something enable SSL for cockpit

```bash
sudo cp cockpit.conf /etc/cockpit/cockpit.conf
```


### Generate container secrets for passwords

```bash
openssl rand -base64 20 | podman secret create gitea_database_user_password -
openssl rand -base64 20 | podman secret create nextcloud_database_user_password -
```


### Enable user lingering

```bash
sudo loginctl enable-linger
```


### Start containers

```bash
podman-compose -f master-compose.yml up -d
```


### Generate systemd files and enable them

```bash
cd $HOME/.config/systemd/user

podman generate systemd -f --name caddy-vishwambhar --new
podman generate systemd -f --name gitea-chitragupta --new
podman generate systemd -f --name gitea-govinda --new
podman generate systemd -f --name hugo-mahayogi --new
podman generate systemd -f --name hugo-vaikunthnatham --new
podman generate systemd -f --name nextcloud-chitragupta --new
podman generate systemd -f --name nextcloud-govinda --new

systemctl --user daemon-reload

systemctl --user enable container-caddy-vishwambhar container-gitea-chitragupta container-gitea-govinda container-hugo-mahayogi container-hugo-vaikunthnatham container-nextcloud-chitragupta container-nextcloud-govinda
```

---


## Stage 0111: cron

### user crontab

```bash
# always add ">/dev/null 2>&1" at the end of cronjobs
# to prevnet a `dead.letter` in $HOME/


# check if containers are running or not; restart if stopped
*/5 * * * * bash /home/pratham/.scripts/_bluefeds/cron/pratham/maintenance.sh >/dev/null 2>&1


# run Nextcloud cron
*/5 * * * * podman exec -u www-data nextcloud-govinda /usr/local/bin/php -f /var/www/html/cron.php >/dev/null 2>&1


# Nextcloud: scan files for all users and perform cleanup
10 */2 * * * podman exec -u www-data nextcloud-govinda /usr/local/bin/php -f /var/www/html/occ files:scan --all >/dev/null 2>&1
40 */2 * * * podman exec -u www-data nextcloud-govinda /usr/local/bin/php -f /var/www/html/occ files:cleanup >/dev/null 2>&1
```


### root crontab

```bash
# always add ">/dev/null 2>&1" at the end of cronjobs
# to prevnet a `dead.letter` in $HOME/


# update fs database every 6 hours
* */6 * * * updatedb >/dev/null 2>&1


# create zfs snapshots every Friday
0 0 * * 5 bash /home/pratham/.scripts/_bluefeds/cron/root/zfs-bak.sh >/dev/null 2>&1


# start scrub
# on the first Friday of every month
# at 2100 hours
0 21 * * 5 [ $(date +\%d) -le 07 ] && /sbin/zpool scrub >/dev/null 2>&1
```